Research Article [ Article in English ] |
doi: 10.46683/jmvi.2021.38 |
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Seroprevalence and Genotype Distribution of
Hepatitis C Virus in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Comprehensive Study |
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Mogadişu, Somali'de Hepatit C Virusu Seroprevalansı ve Genotip
Dağılımı: Kapsamlı Bir Çalışma |
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Abdirahim
ALI ADAM1 [ID], Fatih
ŞAHİNER2 [ID], Alpaslan
TANOĞLU3 [ID], Tuğrul
HOŞBUL4 [ID], Mohamed
Abdulkadir HASSAN KADLE5 [ID], Marian
MUSE OSMAN6 [ID], Saim
YÜKSEL1 [ID], Hilmi
Erdem SÜMBÜL7 [ID], Nurettin
AY7 [ID], İlhan
CEBECİ8 [ID], Ahmed
Muhammad BASHIR7 [ID], Onur
BAHÇECİ9 [ID] |
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1Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical
Microbiology, Mogadishu Somalia-Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and
Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Mogadishu, Somalia. 2Department of
Medical Microbiology, Mogadishu Somalia-Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training
and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Mogadishu, Somalia. 3Department of
Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, Sancaktepe Şehit Profesör İlhan Varank
Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye. 4Department of
Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Medical Faculty, University of Health Sciences,
Ankara, Türkiye. 5College of
Medicine & Health Science, Abrar University, Centre of Liver Disease,
SomGastro Clinic, Mogadishu, Somalia. 6Department of
Public Health, Mogadishu Somalia-Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and
Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Mogadishu, Somalia. 7Department of
Internal Medicine, Mogadishu Somalia-Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and
Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Mogadishu, Somalia. 8Department of
Internal Medicine, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of
Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye. 9Department
Medical Biochemistry, Mogadishu Somalia-Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training
and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Mogadishu, Somalia. |
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Article
Info: Received; 30.07.2021.
Accepted; 24.08.2021. Published; 26.08.2021. Correspondence: Abdirahim
Ali Adam; MD., Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology,
Mogadishu Somalia-Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital,
University of Health Sciences, Mogadishu, Somalia. E-mail:
abdrahm5d5@gmail.com |
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Abstract Liver cancer is the
second-most common form of cancer among men in Somalia. However, data on the
epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are limited. This study
aimed to examine the basic epidemiological characteristics of HCV infections,
in Mogadishu, Somalia. In this study, anti-HCV seropositivity was
investigated in participants who applied to a tertiary care hospital in
Mogadishu between 2015 and 2019 using an Architect anti-HCV immunoassay. HCV
genotype determinations were performed in two different accredited external
laboratories located in Turkey. A total of 115,659 tests were included the
study reported for 102,601 different individuals and anti-HCV seropositivity
were found for 1,447 different patients (1.41%). Seropositivity was found as
0.26% among healthy individuals (20/7,789), which is a subgroup of the study
population. Furthermore, seropositivity was found in 0.26% (55/20,784) of individuals
under the age of 20 years and 6.2% (424/6,837) of aged >70
years. Finally, seropositivity was significantly more prevalent among men
than among women (1.64% and 1.15%, respectively; p<0.0001). Seventy-three
HCV genotypes were determined in 71 patients, including Genotype 1a (5.48%),
Genotype 1b (10.96%), Genotype 3 (31.5%), Genotype 4 (49.3%), and Genotype 5
(2.74%). Mixed genotypes (Genotypes 3 and 4) were detected in two patients.
This study is the most comprehensive epidemiological study carried out in
Somalia since the discovery of HCV, and also it is the first study to
investigate HCV genotypes among Somali residents. We believe that the data
presented herein will contribute to the development of preventive health
policies. |
Özet Karaciğer kanseri, Somali'de erkekler
arasında en yaygın ikinci kanser türüdür. Ancak, hepatit C virusu (HCV) enfeksiyonlarının
epidemiyolojisine ilişkin veriler sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma, Somali Mogadişu’da
HCV enfeksiyonlarının temel epidemiyolojik özelliklerini incelemeyi
amaçlamıştır. Bu çalışmada 2015-2019 yılları arasında Mogadişu'da üçüncü
basamak bir hastaneye başvuran katılımcılarda Architect anti-HCV immunoassay
ile anti-HCV seropozitifliği araştırılmıştır. HCV genotip tayinleri
Türkiye'de bulunan iki ayrı akredite dış laboratuvarda gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Çalışmaya 102.601 farklı birey için rapor edilen toplam 115.659 test dahil
edilmiş ve 1.447 farklı hastada (%1.41) anti-HCV seropozitifliği bulunmuştur.
Çalışma popülasyonunun bir alt grubu olan sağlıklı bireylerde seropozitiflik
%0.26 (20/7.789) olarak bulundu. Seropozitiflik ayrıca 20 yaş altı bireylerde
%0.26 (55/20.784) ve 70 yaş üstü bireylerde %6.2
(424/6.837) olarak saptandı. Son olarak, seropozitiflik erkeklerde kadınlara
göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti (sırasıyla %1.64
ve %1.15; p<0,0001). Genotip 1a (%5.48), Genotip 1b (%10.96),
Genotip 3 (%31.5), Genotip 4 (%49.3) ve Genotip 5 (%2.74) olmak üzere 71
hastada 73 HCV genotipi belirlendi. İki hastada çoklu genotip (Genotip 3 ve
4) varlığı tespit edildi. Bu çalışma, HCV'nin keşfinden bu yana Somali'de
yürütülen en kapsamlı epidemiyolojik çalışma olup, Somali’de yerleşik halk
arasında HCV genotiplerini araştıran ilk çalışmadır. Burada sunulan verilerin
koruyucu sağlık politikalarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağına
inanıyoruz. |
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Keywords: Anti-HCV, Architect, Seroprevalence, Liver cancer. |
Anahtar kelimeler: Anti-HCV, Architect, Seroprevalans,
Karaciğer kanseri. |
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Cite this
article |
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Ali Adam A, Şahiner F, Tanoğlu A, Hoşbul T, Hassan Kadle MA,
Muse Osman M, Yüksel S, Sümbül HE, Ay N, Cebeci İ, Bashir AM, Bahçeci O. Seroprevalence and Genotype
Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Comprehensive
Study. J Mol Virol Immunol 2021; 2(3): 115-122. doi: 10.46683/jmvi.2021.38 |
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Cited by 1 article |
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[1] Ahmed Muhammad
Bashir, Abdirashid Hashi Mohamed, Hawa Nuradin Mohamed, Ismail Gedi Ibrahim.
Severe Hypercalcemia as an Initial Presentation of Advanced Hepatocellular
Carcinoma: A Case Report. Cancer Management and Research 2022; 14: 1577-1580.
doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S364996 |
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